Arads Vision for the National 9/11 Memorial

Rebuilding anything is hard work. Nearly two years after the 9-11 terrorist attacks, New York developers announced a challenge — design a memorial for a shocked and grieving nation. Anyone could enter the competition. Entries poured in from architects, artists, students, and other creative people around the world. A panel of 13 judges reviewed 5,201 proposals. It took six months to select the designs of eight finalists. Behind closed doors, one of the judges, Maya Lin, praised a simple memorial originally titled Reflecting Absence. The 34-year-old  architect, Michael Arad, had never built anything larger than a police station. Yet submission 790532, Arads model for the memorial, stayed in the hearts and minds of the judges. Michael Arads Vision Michael Arad had served in the Israeli Army, studied at Dartmouth College and Georgia Tech, and eventually settled in New York. On September 11, 2001, he stood on the roof of his Manhattan apartment building and watched the second plane strike the World Trade Center. Haunted, Arad began sketching plans for a memorial long before the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation (LMDC) launched their competition. Arads concept for Reflecting Absence featured two 30-foot deep voids, symbolizing the absence of the fallen Twin Towers. Ramps would lead down to underground galleries where visitors could stroll past cascading waterfalls and pause at the plaques engraved with the names of those who died. Arads design was truly three-dimensional, with subterranean features as pronounced as those at street level. The design, Arad later told Places magazine, drew inspiration from the simple, sculptural work of architects Louis Kahn, Tadao Ando, and Peter Zumthor. Although the judges admired Michael Arads entry, they felt that it needed more work. They encouraged Arad to join forces with California landscape architect Peter Walker. By all reports, the partnership was rocky. However, in the spring of 2004 the team unveiled an expanded plan that incorporated a scenic plaza with trees and walkways. Trouble Looms for the 9/11 Memorial Critics responded to the 9/11 Memorial plans with mixed reviews. Some called Reflecting Absence moving and healing. Others said that the waterfalls were impractical and the deep pits hazardous. Still others protested the idea of memorializing the dead in a space located underground. To make matters worse, Michael Arad butted heads with architects in charge of the New York reconstruction projects. Daniel Libeskind, master planner for the World Trade Center site, said that Reflecting Absence did not harmonize with his own Memory Foundations design vision. The architects chosen for the underground National 9/11 Museum, J. Max Bond, Jr. and others from the Davis Brody Bond architecture firm, came on board and tweaked Arads subsurface memorial design — apparently against Arads wishes. After stormy meetings and construction delays, cost estimates for the memorial and the museum soared to nearly $1 billion. In May 2006, New York Magazine reported that Arads memorial teeters on the brink of collapse. Michael Arads Dream Triumphs The World Trade Center towers (the  skyscrapers) and the Transportation Hub are the business end of what is built at Ground Zero in Lower Manhattan. Early on, however, politicians, historians, and community leaders knew that a good part of the real estate had to be dedicated to the people affected by the terrorist tragedy. This meant a memorial and museum within one of the largest spaces set aside for redevelopment. Who was involved? Architects of the underground museum (Davis Brody Bond); architects of the aboveground pavilion entrance to the museum (Snà ¸hetta); architect of the memorial (Arad); landscape architect for the memorial / museum plaza area (Walker); and the architect of the Master Plan (Libeskind). Compromise is the cornerstone of every great project. Like Libeskinds dramatically altered Vertical World Garden, Reflecting Absence saw many transformations. Its now known as the National September 11 Memorial. The names of those who died areinscribed on the bronze parapet on the plaza level, instead of in underground galleries. Many other features that Arad wanted have been modified or eliminated. Still, his core vision — deep voids and rushing water — remains intact. Architects Michael Arad and Peter Walker worked with a water architect and many engineers to construct the enormous waterfalls. Family members or victims remained actively involved as they deliberated over the arrangement of the engraved names. On September 11, 2011, ten years after the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, a formal dedication ceremony marked the completion of the National 9/11 Memorial. The underground museum by Davis Brody Bond and the aboveground atrium pavilion by Snà ¸hetta opened in May 2014. Together, all of the architectural elements are known as the National September 11 Memorial Museum. The Memorial by Arad and Walker is an open park space, free to the public. The underground museum, includingthe infamous slurry wall that holds back the Hudson River, is open for a fee. The September 11 memorial site is designed to honor the nearly 3,000 people who were killed in New York, Pennsylvania, and at the Pentagon on September 11, 2001, and also the six people who died when terrorists bombed the New York World Trade Center on February 26, 1993. More generally, the National 9/11 Memorial speaks out against terrorism everywhere and offers a promise of renewal. Who Is Michael Arad? Michael Sahar Arad was one of six recipients of the Young Architects Award given by the American Institute of Architects (AIA) in 2006. By 2012 Arad was one of fifteen Architects of Healing receiving a special AIA medal for his Reflecting Absence design of the National 9/11 Memorial in New York City. Arad was born in Israel, 1969, and served in the Israeli Military from 1989 to 1991. He arrived in the US in 1991 to go to school, earning a BA in Government from Dartmouth College (1994) and a Masters in Architecture from Georgia Institute of Technology (1999). He signed on with Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates (KPF) from 1999 to 2002, and after 9-11 worked for the New York City Housing Authority from 2002 to 2004. Since 2004 Arads been a partner at Handel Architects LLP. In the Words of Michael Arad Im proud to be an American. I was not born in this country, nor was I born to American parents. Becoming an American was something I chose to do, and Im so grateful for that privilege because I love the values of this country and Im grateful for the opportunities this country has given me first as a student and then as an architect. America epitomizes for me liberty and equality, tolerance and a belief in shared sacrifices. It is a noble social experiment that depends on every generations engagement and belief in it. The design of the Memorial of the World Trade Center is a physical manifestation of these values and beliefs. It is a design formed by my experiences in New York in the aftermath of the attacks, where I witnessed the remarkable response of the City as a community, united in its most trying hour; united in compassion and courage, determined and stoic. The public spaces of the City — places like Union Square and Washington Square — were the sites where this incredible civic response took shape, and, in fact, it could not have taken shape without them. These public spaces informed and gave shape to the response of its citizens and their design is open democratic forms reflect our shared values and beliefs in a civic and democratic society based on freedom, liberty, and yet even the individual pursuit of happiness what else is a pursuit of solace in the face of grief. Public spaces form our shared responses and our understanding of ourselves and our place within society, not as spectators, but as participants, as engaged citizens, as a community of people united by a shared destiny. What better way to respond to that attack and to honor the memory of those who perished than to construct another vessel for that community, another public space, a new forum, a place that affirms our values and imparts them to us and to future generations. It has been a remarkable privilege and responsibility to be part of this effort. I am humbled and honored to be part of it, and I am grateful for the recognition this award bestows on the efforts of my colleagues and myself. Thank you very much. — Architects of Healing Ceremony, American Institute of Architects, May 19, 2012, Washington, D.C. Sources for This Article: Reflecting Absence, commentary by Michael Arad from Places magazine, May 2009 (at http://places.designobserver.com/media/pdf/Reflecting_Abs_1162.pdf)The Breaking of Michael Arad, New York magazineCost and Safety Put Memorials Striking Vision at Risk, New York TimesReflecting Absence: Exploring The 9/11 Memorial, Huffington Post9/11 Memorial Nears Completion, Ending Complicated, Contentious Process at old.gothamgazette.com/article/arts/20110714/1/3565, Gotham GazetteIroning Out Where to Purpose 9/11†²s Iconic Steel Cross, New York Observer9/11 Memorial Official SiteLower Manhattan Development Corporation (LMDC) at www.lowermanhattan.info/construction/project_updates/world_trade_center_memorial_93699.aspxThe Port Authority website at www.panynj.gov/wtcprogress/memorial-museum.htmlLower Manhattan Construction Command Center Project Update at http://www.lowermanhattan.info/construction/project_updates/world_trade_center_memorial_93699.aspx

Medias Effect on Societys Perspectives Essay - 1910 Words

More so than any other aspects of modern life, the mass media determines the public opinions on issues in the United States and around the world. Many different forms of media exist in developed nations along with many assessments about each of these innovations and their respective impacts on society. As with all sociological issues, there exist four major divisions of perspective: the interactionalist, functionalist, feminist, and conflict theorists. Each of these groups shares a few opinion connections with the others but all employ their own unequivocal views which establish them distinctly from one another. From Johannes Gutenbergs printing press ushering in the Renaissance to Timothy Berners-Lees—the MIT professor often†¦show more content†¦Another positively perceived postulation by interactionalists also starts with the television but for younger viewers; interactionalists consider certain programming for children as possibly doubling in use as a playmate/babysitter. Despite disagreements between the overall effects of early childhood television viewing, it seems that nearly every expert suggests very limited time allotments for children (Stevens, Tara, Mulsow, Mirlam). Functionalist theorists, especially, worry about the impact violent TV shows and twenty thousand commercials per year have on children at the elementary school age. The twenty thousand commercials seem almost moot when compared to the amount of product placement throughout the history of television and movies. Sometimes the promotion of consumption goes unnoticed—takes place subliminally—while other times, the programming has much more obvious advertising. The media effect that probably most concerns functionalists however, stems from an overabundance of forced news. â€Å"Narcotizing Dysfunction† refers to this phenomenon by which one becomes desensitized to certain stories due to copious news coverage. On the surface, desensitization may not sound like a horrible thing but when wholly examined, one can see that narcotizing dysfunction leads to inactivity on the part of someone who could potentiallyShow MoreRelatedMedias Effect on Societys Perspectives Essay1559 Words   |  7 Pagesaround the world. Many different forms of media exist in developed nations along with many assessments about each of these innovations and their respective impacts on society. As with all sociological issues, there exist four major divisions of perspective: the interactionalist, functionalist, feminist, and conflict theorists. Each of these groups shares a few opinion connections with the others but all employ their own unequivocal views whic h establish them distinctly from one another. From JohannesRead MoreEssay about Medias Effect on Societys Perspectives1460 Words   |  6 Pagesaround the world. Many different forms of media exist in developed nations along with many assessments about each of these innovations and their respective impacts on society. As with all sociological issues, there exist four major divisions of perspective: the interactionalist, functionalist, feminist, and conflict theorists. Each of these groups shares a few opinion connections with the others but all employ their own unequivocal views which establish them distinctly from one another. From JohannesRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Society s Attitude Toward Pointing Out An Apparent Ongoing Struggle Between Whites And Blacks1668 Words   |  7 Pagesracism doesn’t exist, or imply that racist-motivated incidents don’t occur; however, the media’s representation of the news strongly influences society’s attitude towards racism. 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This bias coverageRead More Media And Politics: Agenda Setting And Framing Essay871 Words   |  4 Pagesnews coverage influences the importance of political issues on society. The ranking of media issues and society’s ranking suggest that the media influence the public (Weaver, 1996). The importance of an issue may rests on its time slot, sequence in the news story, or in the advertisement for the news. Another way media frames political issues is inserting media’s own position on the issue. The media’s position tends to be more liberal and promotes more democratic policies and issues. This bias coverageRead MoreThe Agenda Setting Theory On The Public Agenda1076 Words   |  5 Pagescomprehensive analysis of the agenda-setting theory, agenda setting includes three levels or psychological processes: basic agenda setting, attribute agenda setting and network agenda setting. 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However the Media’s representation of the drug and regarding young people make it seem as if there is a crisis forming the media is often to be accused of brain washing society through the descr iptive ways of labelling different groups of society however Australia isRead MoreHow Media Affects Society Essay938 Words   |  4 Pageshappening in other parts of the world. Just as important as the facts the media chooses to reveal, the tone and manner in which the media presents these facts plays a large role on societys take on events. The tone in which the media presents the facts in can be hostile, neutral or in favour. The tone can affect societys view on the situation, resulting in either a positive or negative reaction. As seen on May 10th when thousands of Tamils met on Torontos Gardiner Expressway, for almost 4 hours

A Brief History of the Cheesecake Factory free essay sample

The Cheesecake Factory was founded by Oscar and Evelyn Overton. Evelyn first decided to open a business after making a cheesecake for her husbands employer in 1949. Evelyn opened a small cheesecake shop in Detroit, Michigan, in the late 1950s, but later gave it up in order to raise her two children. She continued to supply cakes to several local restaurants through a kitchen in her basement. In 1972, Oscar and Evelyn Overton moved to the Woodland Hills area of Los Angeles where they opened a wholesale bakery in which they produced cheesecakes and other desserts for local estaurants. In 1983, the Overtons opened a second restaurant in Marina del Rey. By 1987 the Beverly Hills location had expanded into a 78-seat restaurant and was experiencing great financial success. This led to the opening of a third, larger location in Redondo Beach, which was eventually renovated into a 300-seat, 21 ,OOO square foot location. By the end of the 1980s, The Cheesecake Factorys one-page menu had expanded and the restaurant offered additional fast-food and short-order items. On January 25, 2011, the company expanded into the Middle East in a partnership ith Kuwaiti retail franchising company M. H. Alshaya Co.. The 300-seat restaurant opened on August 16, 2012, at the Dubai Mall. This is the first location for The Cheesecake Factory outside of the United States. As of March 4, 2013, the Cheesecake Factory Inc. has four restaurants operating in the Middle East, one being located at the Dubai Mall and another at the Mall of the Emirates (both in the UAE), the third in The Avenues Mall, Kuwait, and the fourth in Beirut. [6] Plaza Las Americas in San Juan, Puerto Rico opened its first Cheesecake Factory in the Caribbean on August 28, 2013 Company Mission Statement Mission: To create an environment where absolute guest satisfaction is our highest propriety Vision: Through a shared commitment to excellence, we are dedicated to the uncompromising quality of our food, service, people and profit, while taking exceptional care of our guests and staff, we will continuously strive to surpass our own accomplishments and be recognized as a leader in our industry David Overton Chairman and Chief Executive Officer David Overton has served as our Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer since our incorporation in February, 1992. He co-founded the Company with his parents, Evelyn and Oscar Overton. Mr. Overton crea ed t the Companys namesake restaurant and opened the first The Cheesecake Factory restaurant in 1978 in Beverly Hills, California. He grew The Cheesecake [emailprotected] into a national chain and created two other concepts, Grand Lux [emailprotected] and RockSugar Pan Asian [emailprotected] Under Mr. Overtons leadership, the Companys revenues increased to $1. 8 billion in 2011, with The Cheesecake Factory leading the casual dining industry in average annual sales per restaurant of $10. 2 million. Mr. Overtons professional honors include the International Foodservice Manufacturers Association Silver Plate Award, recognizing the most outstanding and innovative talent in foodservice operations; the Executive of the Year Award from Restaurants Institutions Magazine; and the MenuMasters Hall of Fame Award from Nations Restaurant News, for his outstanding contributions to menu design and foodservice research and development, among many others. In 2012, Mr. Overton was named Entrepreneur of the Year in the Food Services category for the Los Angeles region by Ernst Young. This honor recognizes Mr. Overton for his demonstrated excellence and extraordinary success in innovation, performance and personal commitment to The Cheesecake Factory and the communities our restaurants serve. David M. Gordon PresidentDavid Gordon was appointed President in February 2013. Mr. Gordon Joined our Company in 1993 as a Manager and during his 20 years with The Cheesecake Factory, he held the positions of Chief Operating Officer, Regional Vice President, Area Director of Operations and General Manager. He currently serves on the Board of Directors for the California Restaurant Association. W. Douglas Benn Executive Vice President and Chief Financial OfficerW. Douglas Benn was appointed Chief Financial Officer in January 2009. Mr. Benn is a veteran of the restaurant industry having spent more than 20 years in management roles with restaurant companies. He most recently served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of RARE Hospitality International, which owned LongHorn Steakhouse and The Capital Grille prior to the companys sale to Darden Restaurants in October 2007. During his ten years with RARE, Mr. Benn helped grow the company to over 300 units and over $1 billion in nnual revenues. Debby R. Zurzolo Executive Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel Debby Zurzolo was appointed Executive Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel in December 2003. Ms. Zurzolo Joined our Company as Senior Vice President and General Counsel in April 1999. From 1982 until Joining the Company, she practiced law at Greenberg Glusker Fields Claman Machtinger LLP in Los Angeles, California. As a partner with that firm, Ms. Zurzolo represented our Company on various real estate matters and negotiated several of our restaurant leases. S Bytuglin President, The Cheesecake Factory Bakery Incorporated Max Byfuglin was appointed President of our bakery subsidiary in January 2006. He previously served as Executive Vice President of The Cheesecake Factory Bakery Incorporated. Mr. Byfuglin Joined our bakery operations in 1982 and worked closely with our founders, serving in nearly every capacity in our bakery over the past 20 years. Joshua Spears: General manager at dolphin mall location, been with the company for 20 years, started as a server/bartender, in Las Vegas Nevada, has a wife and 4 kids, currently doesnt have any plans to move anywhere but always up to the change Adam Kaytes: Assistant General Manager, been with the company with 20 years, previously worked at 8 different locations, started as a server/bartender, single so always up to any change, currently my interenship supervisor. Gilberto Rodriguez: Server, its going to be 1 year that I been with the company on November 10, currently a server, I will finish school on December so my plans are to find a manager Job after that, previously worked at olive garden and BJs as a assistant manager, certified trainer, bartender and server. Location of the property: Address: 11401 NW 12th st, Miami, FL 33172 Description: The Cheesecake Factory serves much more than Just cheesecake! The Cheesecake Factory is a unique, upscale casual dining restaurant offering more than 200 menu selections including appetizers, pizza, pasta, seafood, steaks, salads, sandwiches and more. The menu also features specialty dishes like Chicken Madeira, Miso Salmon, Cajun Jambalaya Pasta and The Factory Burger. Save room for dessert! Try one of The Cheesecake Factorys 50 delicious cheesecakes and desserts such as their White Chocolate Raspberry Truffle Cheesecake or their Godiva Chocolate Cheesecake, with a cappuccino or espresso. Products: Menu items include: appetizers, cheesecake, pizza, pasta, salads, sandwiches, seafood, steaks and more Competition: The primary competition for the cheesecake factory at dolphin mall will be Texas de Brazil, mainly because its across and its the only other fine dinning restaurant at dolphin mall, I personally would not consider pf changs directly competition because that is a completely ditterent style ot t and its not directly across the cheesecake building, honestly there is no directly competition to cheesecake at dolphin mall, but there is a restaurant called bJs brewer house that is relatively close and they have a retty similar menu to ours, this will be the only director competitor we will have in the zone. -Texas de Brazil. -Pf Changs. -BJs Brewer house. Outside dolphin mall the Cheesecake Factorys top competitors are Brinker International, OSI Restaurant Partners, Inc. , and Dine Equity, Inc. Brinker International is a U. S. based company, with over1800 restaurants in 24 countries and has a presence in the Middle East already. Subsidiaries include: Chilis, Romanos Macaroni Grill, Maggiands Little Italy and On the Border Mexican Cantina and Grill. Unlike The Cheesecake Factory, Brinker International keeps its company active through cquisitions and partnerships for restaurant locations. A poorly performing Bennigans restaurant might become a new Chilis restaurant. Brinkers does not appear to be operating at a level of stability across its subsidiaries, either. The most recent Datamonitorreport on the company highlights much selling off of their brands (Datamonitor, 2010). The constant activity leads one to believe the company is less viable than its competitors in spite of staggering revenues and operating profits Company Culture: The Cheesecake Factory created the upscale casual dining segment in 1978 with the pening of our first restaurant in Beverly Hills, CA. And even with over 160 restaurant locations now in the U. S. , were Just as original today as we were when we first opened! In addition to The Cheesecake Factory restaurants, the company also operates two bakery production facilities that produce over 60 varieties of quality cheesecakes and other baked products. We know that outstanding people make it all happen. Each individuals efforts and skills are necessary to the success of our company as a whole. As a staff member, we will invite you to share our company ission, To Create an Environment Where Absolute Guest Satisfaction is our Highest Priority. And our company values will guide your daily actions and ensure that the work environment and company culture is filled with memorable moments. Manager Style: There are a few types of manager styles, I think Adam is the perfect manager, he has a perfect balance for everything, here is a perfect description of him: The Perfect Manager This manager is popular with both staff and guests. This manager works hard to create solid relationships with staff members without becoming too close. Understands the challenges of the daily show of making sure that all the parts come together properly to insure a quality guest experience. Master of the task related issues and can get them done in a quarter of the time of other managers. This management type keeps a light demeanor on the tloor while at the same time working to insure staff compliance to service standards and quality presentation of the food. Has a great knowledge of regulars and would be regulars and spends time cultivating relationships with the guests in order to insure their return visit. This anager can operate almost independently because their goals are aligned with the company objectives and directives from senior management. Perfect managers can become frustrated when the demands of the Job exceed their ability to complete the objectives in a timely manner. This can cause frustration for the manager and periods of unproductive performance. As a manager on a daily basis, it is tough to work long hours and handle innumerable problems without having it affect the quality of your work. You try to do the best you can and work to make the restaurant the best that it can be. Sometimes you sacrifice your personal well-being for the sake of the Job. Managers as a rule have a hard time separating themselves from what they do. A good management style of any kind begins with a manager that can take care of their emotional and physical needs outside the restaurant. They are emotionally healthy and happy with a positive attitude toward the Job and people they work with. Operational Controls At every Cheesecake Factory restaurant, a kitchen manager is stationed at the counter where the food comes off the line, and he rates the food on a scale of one to en. A nine is near-perfect. An eight requires one or two corrections before going out to a guest. A seven needs three. A six is unacceptable and has to be redone. The whole chain restaurant industry not Just the Cheesecake Factory uses an interesting system for minimizing food waste, which can easily become a burdensome cost: The chain-restaurant industry has produced a field of computer analytics known as guest forecasting. We have forecasting models based on historical data†the trend of the past six weeks and also the trend of the previous year, Adam told me. The predictability of the business has become astounding. The company has even learned how to make adjustments for the weather or for scheduled events like playoff games that keep people at home. The Cheesecake Factorys ability to add menu items across its restaurants is similarly impressive. The company rolls out a new menu every six months that can feature upwards of a dozen new items. Regional and kitchen managers head to California for intense training that shows them not Just how to make the new dishes but how to train others back at the restaurants in their region. After observing the whole process, its rate of successful and scaled innovation, Gawande writes, would be enviable in medicine, where innovations commonly spread at a glacial pace. Strengths and weaknesses: Their strengths include award winning customer service, an interactive website, fantastic desserts and an extensive menu of over 200items that evolves every six months to keep it fresh and exciting to customers. A significant opportunity in moving into an emerging market such as the United Arab Emirates is the prospect for increased revenue and profits for a restaurant of this caliber entering in this new arket. One aspect that distinguished The Cheesecake Factory is how they specialized on their dessert product line and then built and drink product lines around it. By making abase, the company was able to add items and test recipes for success. Now they have a solid food line that is changed every six months to ensure the customers are satisfied. Diversity also ensures return visits because people want to try something new each time; it prevents people from getting bored with the food . When updating their menu, the Cheesecake Factory is also indful of health-conscious customers and has a very high-quality line of health- conscious foods Weaknesses The Cheesecake Factory must consider how the companys values, ideals, vision admission, and goals will align with the new country. Cultural issues can be a major challenge when moving into a new country. The company must be 100% prepared to take on the culture, the cuisine, and any other conflicts such as dress codes or dietary customs. ome countries such as the United Arab Emirates older generations may be slow to embrace change or new cultures; they may be opposed to new restaurants or ven new menu items at a restaurant. This could pose a problem for the constant menu changes The Cheesecake Factory offers. The differences in tastes, beliefs and culture could potentially be a major challenge for this restaurant moving to the Middle East. The lack of nutritional information may also be problematic for this region, as people in different areas are sensitive to different foods and what are in the foods needs to be known as well as the caloric content of the food. As with the United States, all developed countries have become more aware of what they are eating and their health in general

Financial Accounting Detection Techniques †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Financial Accounting Detection Techniques? Answer: Introduction Business intelligence deals with different technologies, applications and practices for the integration and collection of business information. Business Intelligence helps in better decision making (Chen, Chiang Storey, 2012). It further helps the company in collecting data from internal systems and external resources, encompassing a variety of tools and applications. The fraud detection techniques in business Intelligence, different security issues associated with business intelligence, data security and different methods and strategies for mitigating the security concerns associated with Business Intelligence are elaborated in the following paragraphs (Anandarajan, Anandarajan Srinivasan, 2012). Using business Intelligence for fraud detection Fraud is a term to define activities of a person or an organization that have been intentionally done for gaining personal benefits. There are various methods of conducting a fraud and therefore, there must be a process of fraud detection as well. Business intelligence can be effectively used to identify the different fraudulent transactions. BI can help in unveiling the fraudulent transactions persisting in an organization by tracking the trends of the frauds with the help of advanced analytics (Copeland et al., 2012). Furthermore, it helps in detection of manuals and report that does not abide by the pre set standards. Therefore, the usage of Business Intelligence tools helps in pointing at the accuracy of the analyzed data, which helps in identifying the fraud and help in determining the level of fraud conducted (Sharma Panigrahi, 2013). Data Security in BI Business Intelligence is a catchphrase for next generation data warehousing. While data warehousing focuses on data integration, business Intelligence is concerned with the governance of data. Therefore security in BI is utmost essential. In order to achieve data security in BI, timely information gathering of vulnerabilities, accessing of threats and responding to an attack with appropriate measures are necessary. Risk prioritizing is another essential step for nursing data security in BI. Risk prioritization is a process of rating the risks according to the severity and vulnerability of the threats according to the applicable standard and regulations (Minelli, Chambers Dhiraj, 2012). Security issues associated with Business Intelligence The security issues associated with Business Intelligence are listed below (Chen, Chiang Storey, 2012)- 1) Business Intelligence can trigger targeted cyber attacks as different company analyses raw data for effective decision making, which in increases the number of security risks. 2) Breach of data is most common in the Business Intelligence as the different data are mined by the organization for analyzing the trends and frauds. 3) Social networks and Business Intelligence go hand in hand, as different data from these networks are collected and analyzed for business purposes. 4) Business Intelligence is largely dependent of cloud computing as the big data stores in cloud is mined for analyzing. This involves different security risks and issues, which includes data loss, modification of data and so on. 5) Business Intelligence may not be used by certain organizations appropriately, which may give rise to different security risks. User adoption is poor which results in certain risks. 6) Certain BI tools do not live up to the hype resulting in fetching incorrect data. Security Methods and Strategies The methods and strategies for ensuring data security in Business Intelligence are listed below (Kimball et al., 2015) 1) Encryption: Encryption is a process of converting information into an unreadable form of information in order to prevent unauthorized access. 2) Authentication: Authentication is a process of proving or showing something as true and genuine. Multiphase authentication is a process of securing a data by different techniques such as fingerprint authentication, security questions and security code of 4 to 6 digits. This helps in limiting the access of the data only to authorized persons (Boyd Mathuria, 2013). 3) Access control or knowing the person who is accessing the data is another important methodology for mitigation of risk in BI. 4) Furthermore, the use of both logical and physical security helps in protecting the confidentiality of the data. Physical security includes installation of CCTV and maintaining manual records. Logical security deals with safeguarding the documents with the help of user identification, passwords and authentication. 5) Tiered data protection and enabling multilayered security is another effective means of data security in BI. Conclusion Therefore, from the above discussion it can be concluded that the process of BI deals with the integration of business processes and operations, which further helps in effective decision-making. The report discusses the different security risks and concerns associated with BI and the process of mitigation of the risk. Different BI tools are effectively used for detection of fraudulent transaction and further help in effective decision-making. References Anandarajan, M., Anandarajan, A., Srinivasan, C. A. (Eds.). (2012).Business intelligence techniques: a perspective from accounting and finance. Springer Science Business Media. Boyd, C., Mathuria, A. (2013).Protocols for authentication and key establishment. Springer Science Business Media. Chen, H., Chiang, R. H., Storey, V. C. (2012). Business intelligence and analytics: From big data to big impact.MIS quarterly,36(4). Copeland, L., Edberg, D., Panorska, A. K., Wendel, J. (2012). Applying business intelligence concepts to medicaid claim fraud detection.Journal of Information Systems Applied Research,5(1), 51. Kimball, R., Ross, M., Mundy, J., Thornthwaite, W. (2015).The Kimball Group Reader: Relentlessly psychology Tools for Data Warehousing and Business Intelligence Remastered Collection. John Wiley Sons. Minelli, M., Chambers, M., Dhiraj, A. 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